The article examines the phenomenon of illegal migration as a key aspect of modern global processes. By analyzing the causes and consequences of illegal migration, the article seeks to identify how geopolitical, economic and social factors influence migration flows and how they, in turn, affect the sending and receiving countries of migrants. Particular attention is paid to the challenges immigrants face, including legal barriers, economic exclusion, and economic hardship. It also analyzes the political and legal measures taken by various states to combat illegal migration, as well as their effectiveness and humanitarian consequences. Finally, the article proposes strategies for improving the management of migration processes and increasing the level of human rights protection in the context of globalization.