The article examines the patterns of transformation of the principles of the organization of state power in the context of the development of the modern state. Based on historical-legal and theoretical-legal approaches, the evolution of ideas about national sovereignty, separation of powers, parliamentarism and political representation in the context of classical political and legal doctrines and modern processes of constitutional development is considered. The purpose of the study is to identify the peculiarities of adaptation of traditional state-legal concepts to modern conditions of functioning of public authority, as well as to assess the impact of modern trends on the functioning of the state mechanism and the effectiveness of public administration. The methodological basis was formed by formal-legal, historical-legal, comparative-legal and systematic research methods. It is established that the modern transformation of state power is not associated with the rejection of classical principles of statehood, but is expressed in a change in institutional forms and mechanisms of their implementation. The conclusion is made about the preservation of the fundamental importance of national sovereignty and separation of powers as the basic categories of the state-legal organization of society, while simultaneously modernizing the ways of their practical implementation