Development and improvement of labor legislation aimed at protecting the labor rights of employees in modern conditions. It is intended to identify the causes of labor disputes as a social phenomenon in accordance with the labor legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan and to study the specifics of judicial review of labor disputes arising in connection with the execution of an employment contract between an employer and employees, a labor collective. The main method is the analysis of statistical data on the current procedure and the specifics of the consideration and resolution of law enforcement practice, a method of protecting social and labor rights of an individual in Kazakhstan related to the functioning of the judicial form.